Space on Visual Cinnamon

The Radius Gap

Mon, 19 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Scientific American commissioned me to create a data visualization for an article exploring the “radius gap.” This is a puzzling absence of exoplanets within a specific size range, larger than Earth but smaller than Neptune. The goal was to illustrate this phenomenon in a way that was both scientifically accurate and visually compelling. Rather than relying on a traditional scatterplot, I aimed to design something more engaging while still making the data accessible to readers. The final visualization, inspired by sci-fi aesthetics, uses a polar plot with density contour lines to highlight the two distinct populations of exoplanets: Super-Earths and Sub-Neptunes. This approach not only made the radius gap apparent but also provided a striking, intuitive way to compare these distant worlds to our own solar system.

Imagine

Tue, 27 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0000

“Imagine” is a generative art collection of 222 pieces, created for Axiom Space to celebrate the launch of the Ax-2 mission. It showcases fictional star maps that transport viewers to worlds yet to be discovered. In the far future, as humans venture ever farther out into space, we will encounter new worlds and new skies. This collection offers a glimpse of what those skies might look like — each star map a vision of the universe as we have yet to see it. Each piece invites the viewer to engage their imagination and find objects, animals, and mythical heroes within the shapes and patterns of the unique constellations drawn between the stars.

The Essence of Us

Mon, 27 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0000

“The Essence of Us” is a subtly moving data art piece that asks the question “What defines Human Culture?” through the lens of the 5000+ exoplanets that have been discovered since the first in 1992. Data about the exoplanets is mapped to every visual aspect that you see. Earth, Us, is symbolically placed us in the center, and every spiral around it is one exoplanet. My intent was to create a slowly moving piece that you can stare into and wonder about that initial question, what defines human culture as a whole? This piece is still available for sale

Dreams of Hubble

Sun, 05 Jun 2022 00:00:00 +0000

“Dreams of Hubble” is a small collection of triptychs, all based on some of the most famous and colorful photos taken by the Hubble Space Telescope. Various layers of triangles elude to the original photo that this piece was created with. It takes the details of the photo to an abstract level bringing it back to its most basic shape and colors. Each part of the triptych shows a different level of this abstraction, from highly abstract to being able to recognize the nebula or galaxy (if one is familiar with the original photo).

Wanderings of Stars

Mon, 20 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

The three pieces in this generative & data art collection reveal how the stars in our night sky are moving through the “lens” of how our current constellations are pulled apart as time is either moved 400,000 years into the past, the future, or both. These pieces place you as an outside viewer, looking at the night sky as a sphere with the stars and constellations drawn along the outside, and our Earth a theoretical speck in the center.

Gravitational Waves

Tue, 26 Jan 2021 00:00:00 +0000

First discovered in 2015, LIGO and Virgo have since detected 50 gravitational wave events. These ripples through space time itself are caused by the violent collisions of black holes (and/or neutron stars) dating back billions of years. To celebrate the release of the 2nd catalog of mergers Science News asked me to create an interactive data visualization revealing each event together with a companion for their printed magazine. We wanted to make the interactive part more special than a static visual. The final visual includes sound bites for some mergers. Hovering over a merger starts a tiny (physics based) animation of the merger. Clicking on any merger shows a pop-up modal with a lot more detailed information, such as a map of the sky that shows the rough location of where the gravitational waves originated from.

Space Wars

Wed, 16 Dec 2020 00:00:00 +0000

I created a visualization of all the satellites that are still active in space for the “Space Wars” article that was published in the November 2020 edition of Scientific American. By keeping each satellite as a separate circle, but grouping them by the two most important variables, country and orbit, the visualization reveals a very detailed look into the satellites, while not becoming overwhelming to the viewer.

The art director specifically asked to not create a visual with circles around the Earth, but to convey “the state of things”, with a specific focus on the country that owned each satellite, what orbit they occupied, and its class (business, defense, etc). The dataset contained many more interesting variables however, such as launch date, usage category, mass, which I also wanted to convey. I therefore kept each satellite represented as a circle, giving me the opportunity to style each satellite very specifically, such as making it more transparent if it was older and sizing it by its mass. I then created a treemap like clustering of these satellites into a “grid” showing country versus orbit, to highlight those two variables most clearly.

Satellite Surge

Mon, 29 Jun 2020 00:00:00 +0000

I created a visualization showing the rise and recent surge of the number of satellites that orbit Earth for the “Graphic Science” page of the May 2020 issue of the Scientific American. The art director specifically requested a visual that wouldn’t be a more typical “visual that shows the satellites as dots around the Earth” and wanted something more visually bold. I designed a visual that really focuses on showing the numbers and being able to see the sudden rise in the 1-10 kg range for the “Lower” Low Earth orbit in the bottom right.

Hubble's 30-year legacy

Wed, 15 Apr 2020 00:00:00 +0000

In celebration of the Hubble Space Telescope’s 30-year anniversary in April 2020 I created two static visualizations for Physics Today, to be used in their series of articles on Hubble’s history. The main visual became a full poster that revealed more than 550,000 observations in a map of the sky, while highlighting some of the most famous observations and photos. The second visual was created as a companion piece outlining the different target classifications of Hubble’s observations. Originally only meant to appear online, the client was so enthusiastic about the main visual that it was adapted and published as a gate-fold in their April issue of the Physics Today magazine as well.

A sky map of the Hubble Space Telescope's observations

Wed, 08 Apr 2020 10:00:00 +0000

In celebration of the Hubble Space Telescope’s 30-year anniversary in April 2020 I created an extensive visualization, more of fully-fledged poster really, for Physics Today. Let me show you how the static visuals that I made still became one of the biggest projects I’ve ever worked on in terms of hours invested. I could’ve called this blog post “the impact of small design choices” because the main issue wasn’t necessarily what type of chart form to use. It was really how to display the datapoints (Hubble’s observations) in the chosen chart form (a map of the sky) to reveal both details and the bigger picture.

Visualizing the different astronomy targets that Hubble has observed

Wed, 08 Apr 2020 09:00:00 +0000

Besides a visualization that plotted Hubble’s observation on a map in the sky, I created another dataviz for Physics Today to celebrate the Hubble Space Telescope’s 30 year anniversary in April 2020. Revealing the types of astronomy targets that Hubble has been looking at. In this design blog I’ll take you through the design process that led to the final visual.

The Fermi Paradox

Wed, 26 Feb 2020 00:00:00 +0000

One of the main articles in the January 2020 edition of the Scientific American was about a new simulation that had been performed to address the Fermi Paradox (if there are aliens, why haven’t we met). Scientific American was looking for a full spread visualization to accompany the article. After reading though the scientific paper and draft of the Scientific American article, I proposed to visualize the final state of the simulation, showing a tiny cube of space. I felt this would reveal the main insight best to a more general audience; that it’s perfectly possible for our Milky Way to be settled by alien civilizations, but that our Earth happens to be in a local void, currently unreachable.

Imaging the entire Earth, every day

Fri, 19 Jul 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Planet’s goal of imaging the entirety of the Earth every day became achievable with the unprecedented fleet of small satellites, called “doves”. The main visualization showcases one day in the life of these satellites and the astounding 600,000 images captures on that day. Following the main flocks of satellites as white spheres circling the Earth several times a day, and seeing exactly when and where each photo was taken. There is a second section of the story that focuses on the different fleets that Planet has in orbit, and their imaging resolutions.

Figures in the Sky

Tue, 17 Jul 2018 00:00:00 +0000

No matter where you are on Earth, we all look up to the same sky during the dark nights. You might see a different section of it depending on your exact location, time & season, nevertheless the stars have fascinated humans across time and continents. Our own creativity combined with stories about local legends and myths have created a diverse set of different constellations. And even though the stars don’t change, people have found many different shapes in the same sky. This interactive visual story looks into the differences & similarities between the constellations that 28 cultures, spread across time and across the World, have seen in the stars.

Meet the neighbors

Wed, 14 Mar 2018 00:00:00 +0000

This visual shows all the stars that we’ve discovered within 20 light years from our Solar system, and the exoplanets belonging to 12 of those stars. When comparing the types of stars, it becomes clear that most are found around M-type stars. That is why projects such as NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite has a prioritized list of similar type stars to look for even more exoplanets. The visual appeared in the 2017 December issue of the Scientific American.

Royal Constellations

Wed, 12 Oct 2016 22:19:30 +0000

Royal & aristocratic families are known for their fondness of marrying within their own clique. This leads to very interesting & entangled family trees which the Royal Constellations visual tries to convey. Dive into the web of family relations to see how all 10 of the current hereditary royal leaders of Europe can be connected to each other through their ancestors. By hovering and clicking on one of the 3000 stars, each of which represent a person, the web reveals aspects such as 6-degrees of separation and shortest paths between two people.

Data-based and unique gradients for visualizations with d3.js

Mon, 30 May 2016 00:00:00 +0000

In the past few weeks, several tutorials about SVG gradients in data visualizations have come to pass already. But those were mostly focusing on creating one gradient. In this tutorial, I want to show you how you can create a gradient for each of your datapoints. And how to adjust each of these gradients using some aspect of your data, so each gradient will become unique.

Creating an interactive “exoplanets in orbit” visualization

Wed, 24 Dec 2014 00:00:00 +0000

Having enjoyed the process of explaining a visualization through Storytelling in my previous post about chord diagrams, I wanted to create another and try a slightly different approach. And give myself a new project to learn more about d3.js and JavaScript in general.